Smoking cessation treatment by Dutch respiratory nurses: Reported practice, attitudes and perceived effectiveness

Kotz, D.; van Litsenburg, W.; van Duurling, R.; van Schayck, C.P.; Wesseling, G.J.

doi:10.1016/j.pec.2007.09.002

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Volume 70, Issue 1 , Pages 40-49, January 2008

Smoking cessation treatment by Dutch respiratory nurses: Reported practice, attitudes and perceived effectiveness

D. Kotz
- Department of General Practice, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, The Netherlands
- Corresponding author at: Department of General Practice, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 43 3882893; fax: +31 43 3619344.
W. van Litsenburg
- Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Dutch Society of Respiratory Nurses (NVL), Nijkerk, The Netherlands
R. van Duurling
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Hospital, The Netherlands
- Dutch Society of Respiratory Nurses (NVL), Nijkerk, The Netherlands
C.P. van Schayck
- Department of General Practice, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, The Netherlands
G.J. Wesseling
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Hospital, The Netherlands

Received 3 May 2007; received in revised form 30 August 2007; accepted 1 September 2007.

Abstract

Objective

To describe Dutch respiratory nurses’ current smoking cessation practices, attitudes and beliefs, and to compare these with a survey from the year 2000, before the national introduction of a protocol for the treatment of nicotine and tobacco addiction (the L-MIS protocol).

Methods

Questionnaire survey among all 413 registered respiratory nurses in the Netherlands in 2006.

Results

The response rate was 62%. Seventy-seven percent of the respondents reported to have “fairly good” or “good” knowledge of all steps of the L-MIS protocol. Seven out of 10 behavioural techniques for smoking cessation from the protocol were used by more than 94% of the respondents. Seventy-four percent of the respiratory nurses recommended the use of either nicotine replacement therapy (70%) or bupropion (44%). Almost two-thirds (65% of 254) perceived lack of patient's motivation as the most important barrier for smoking cessation treatment; a four-fold increase compared to the year 2000.

Conclusion

We conclude that respiratory nurses are compliant with the L-MIS protocol. They offer intensive support and use behavioural techniques for smoking cessation more frequently than evidence-based pharmacological aids for smoking cessation. Perceived lack of patient's motivation forms the most important threat to respiratory nurses’ future smoking cessation activities.

Practice implications

International guidelines acknowledge that respiratory patients have a more urgent need to stop smoking but have more difficulty doing so. They should be offered the most intensive smoking cessation counselling in combination with pharmacotherapy. This kind of counselling may be more feasible for respiratory nurses than for physicians who often lack time. Their efforts could be increased by reimbursing pharmacological aids for smoking cessation and by developing simple tools to systematically assess motivation to quit and psychiatric co-morbidity in smoking patients.

Abbreviations: L-MIS, Dutch national protocol for smoking cessation in lung patients, NRT, nicotine replacement therapy, NVL, Dutch Society of Respiratory Nurses, STIVORO, Dutch foundation for a smoke free future, TQD, target quit date